The Impact of Electric Vehicles
By Lia Low & Hiona Oyama
The Climate Change Adaptation Strategy in Vancouver is planning to have a zero-waste future by 2040. To achieve this goal, electric vehicles (EVs) are a likely part of the journey. EVs have been in the making for decades, with the first handful of them being produced in the 19th century. Within more recent years, they have had a spike in popularity due to increasing gas prices. Nowadays, one of the more significant goals for EVs is to assist in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, but not all car owners are fully on board with the transition.
One of the more common reasons many people are reluctant to purchase a hybrid or electric car is the affordability, along with the accessibility to EV charging. Despite many EV chargers already being free to use, not having to pay for gas may not be enough for car owners to switch vehicles. The CleanBC program is working hard to make sure that EV charging stations are more widely available. This October, they announced thirty-nine new Fast and four new Level 2 charging stations across BC, bringing the total number of EV charging stations in the province above 3,000. A Level 2 charging station allows for faster charging than a Level 1 charging station, averaging up to eight times faster. This makes it easier for drivers with tight schedules to get their vehicles fully charged, which may help quell some drivers’ worries about running out of charge while on the road.
Another issue around hybrid and electrical cars is the batteries being used. When recycling these batteries, the lifecycle carbon emissions are often something that is overlooked. There have already been billions of dollars spent nationally to research ways to reduce the cost of manufacturing and recycling EV batteries, but there isn’t a concrete solution. BC is taking one of the first big steps in this by planning to add EV batteries made of lithium ions to the provincial recycling regulations in 2023. The programs and processes to ensure correct recycling of the batteries are planned to be completely operational by 2026. This is a crucial part of BC’s plan to have only carbon-zero vehicles for sale by 2040; it is estimated that there will be more than 2.5 million electric vehicles on the roadways by that time.
However, recycling isn’t the only concern that people have about EV batteries. As more people buy new electric vehicles, more batteries will need to be produced. This means that more minerals like lithium, cobalt, manganese, nickel, graphite, and other alternatives will have to be mined. Currently, these mining practices are plagued by human rights violations. There are an estimated 40 000 children in cobalt mines in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, lithium mining in Chile is crowding out the agricultural sector and contaminating soil, and fishers in Indonesia say that fish are disappearing from their traditional fishing grounds because of nickel mining in the area.
“Are EV Batteries Recyclable? Your Questions Answered | CBC News.” CBCnews, CBC/Radio Canada, 15 June 2022,www.cbc.ca/news/science/ask-electric-vehicle-battery-faq-1.6468646.
“Climate Change Adaptation Strategy.” City of Vancouver, vancouver.ca/green-vancouver/climate-change-adaptation-strategy.aspx.
Kathryn. “Re: A Citizen’s Concerns.” Received by Lia Low, 14 October. 2022. Email interview.
“The History of the Electric Car.” Energy.gov, www.energy.gov/articles/history-electric-car.
Teague, Chris. “Can Electric Car Batteries Be Recycled?” Autoblog, 3 Aug. 2022, www.autoblog.com/article/electric-car-battery-recycling-reuse-storage/.
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